Bioassay is defined as the estimation of the potency of an active principle in a unit quantity of preparation or detection and measurement of the concentration of the substance in a preparation using biological methods (i.e. 17.17). Chemical composition of drug variable but has same pharmacological action e.g. 49 Bioassay methods are still effective for investigating a new auxin and examining auxins in a crude sample, but now other methods such as immunological methods are usually used for quantification of auxins. All the types of bioassay with which I shall deal are concerned with estimating the potency of a given substance, i.e. Abstract. This enzyme hydrolyses starch into simple reducing sugars. Principle of Bioassay III. In order to maximize the value of bioassay data, established principles of bioassay design need to be carefully considered in developing the experimental protocol. The cells are then Many bioassay systems simpler than the Avena curvature test have been developed. mouse or other subject injected with a drug) ex vivo body part (e.g. Different designs are required for screening, dose response, and mechanistic studies. Specific Bioassay IX. Summary and Discussion References 16. Macrobioassay VII. Test Insects and Sensitivity IV. cardiac glycosides isolated from diff sources, catecholamines etc. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGICAL ASSAY 187 With such facilities a full arithmetical analysis can be obtained having spent only a few minutes punching the data on to cards or paper tape. About Authors: Nilesh Sovasia*, Arshad Hala Seth G.L.Bihani S.D.College Of Technical Education, Institute Of Pharmaceutical Science & Drug Research, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India *nilesh.sovasia@yahoo.com ABSTRACT The microbiological assay of an antibiotic is based upon a comparison of the inhibition of growth of micro-organisms by measured concentrations of the antibiotics Principle: This bioassay is probably the most widely used and is based on the fact that during germination of grains such as barley, wheat and oats, gibberellin is released from the embryo which moves to the aleurone cells where it induces synthesis of the enzyme α-amylase (Fig. Bioassay determines "past, current and future" radiation dose from a "contamination" incident. observation of pharmacological effects on living tissues, microorganisms or immune cells or animal). Factors Affecting Bioassay V. Qualitative and Semiquantitative Bioassay VI. Principle of assay: This is a colorimetric assay that measures the reduction of yellow 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) by mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase. Microbioassay VIII. Integration between Bioassay and Physicochemical Analysis X. Carcinogen bioassay occupies a central role in carcinogenic risk assessment. leg of a frog) Bioassay is defined as estimation or determination of concentration or potency of physical, chemical or biological agents by means of measuring and comparing the magnitude of the response of the test with that of standard over a suitable biological system under standard set of conditions. The starfish bioassay uses the fertilized eggs of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera, to determine potential DNA or RNA synthesis inhibitors or even protein synthesis inhibitors. The MTT enters the cells and passes into the mitochondria where it is reduced to an insoluble, coloured (dark purple) formazan product. 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